39. Situational Leadership Theory (Hersey & Blanchard)
Not the same as the situational leadership school (where only the situation counts)
- Is a contingency theory as the appropriate leadership behavior is a function of the task and the readiness of the followers (based on motivation and competence)
Key principle is a humanistic belief in the development of people
The optimum amount of task and relations behavior depends on subordinate maturity
- Based on an individual’s development level on a specific goal and the leadership style that the leader provides
- Emphasizes versatility in leader’s behaviors (different from Fiedler)
- Common sense approach, easy to understand
Prescribes different patterns of the two behaviors, depending on the subordinate's confidence and skill in relation to the task
Subordinates development level variables
- Competence (goal-specific knowledge or skills)
- Commitment (combination of motivation and confidence)
Various leadership styles are combinations of
- Directive (structure, organize, teach, supervise)
- Supportive (encourage, listen, ask, explain)
Defines four styles: directing, coaching, supporting, delegating
Research: little research to support
Weaknesses
- Ambiguous constructs
- Oversimplification
- Follower maturity is poorly defined