{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# R Graphics"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "options.orig <- options(repr.plot.width=4, repr.plot.height=4)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Base Graphics\n",
    "\n",
    "This is the graphics you get ont of the box, without loading any packages. It is not the prettiest, but great for quick plotting."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Scatter plot"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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rcKO0eBR04LXx5Im6mdA7h16+b27jYN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",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "plot(1:10, 1:10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Rotate labels"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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1WOAE+YqS9KpNpggHngM/439GXwpjWq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\no7Jj3gAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "plot(1:10, 1:10, las=1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Marker symbols"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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5sRPfDdvcxjpN9m77G7Vti5Cpwx3by7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\nYEkeQMC3fQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "plot(1:10, 1:10, pch=1:10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Marker size"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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35f6+W+OacJ9uLxAOxXGIE9tuOgez3M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\nPAQGHgIDD4GBh8DAQ2DgITDwEBh4/w+YZeBM6kLaCAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "plot(1:10, 1:10, pch=1:10, cex=1:10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Marker colors"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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Kz2MKZq1AjAmcTEqODg+TEx/+jaddob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\nAAAASUVORK5CYII=",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "plot(1:10, 1:10, pch=1:10, cex=1:10, col=1:10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Adding text labels"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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qGgAQAYhYIGAGAUChoAgFEoaAAARqGgAQAYhYIGAGAUChq6lvDwcJFIFBkZKXQQ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\nYII=",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "plot(1:10, 1:10, pch=1:10, col=1:10, xlim=c(0, 11))\n",
    "text(1:10+1, 1:10, 1:10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Line plot"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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2cAMH8+DA3VVSnpJAY00addvIgXL4CPJqCzmjcPpUsDwLhxua9uFxODn38GgAYN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\ngg==",
      "text/plain": [
       "Plot with title “Plot”"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "n <- 20\n",
    "x <- 1:n\n",
    "y <- x + rnorm(n)\n",
    "\n",
    "plot(x, y, type=\"l\", lty=1, lwd=2, col=\"red\",\n",
    "     main=\"Plot\", xlab=\"Foo\", ylab=\"Bar\")\n",
    "points(x, y, col=\"blue\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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K2tC878ezu3bt0KDAwsOM/mVdLT0+/fv5+enm5eup8qkMzcuYOaNcUOQaKR8lkc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\nLGgiIoliQRMRSRQLmohIoljQREQS9f+iGx7J+5gw/wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "m <- lm(y ~ x)\n",
    "plot(x, y, col=\"blue\")\n",
    "abline(m, col=\"red\", lty=\"dashed\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Histogram"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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      "text/plain": [
       "Plot with title “Histogram of y”"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "hist(y)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Barplot"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAeAAAAHgCAMAAABKCk6nAAACXlBMVEUAAAABAQECAgIDAwME\nBAQFBQUGBgYHBwcICAgKCgoLCwsMDAwNDQ0ODg4PDw8QEBARERESEhITExMUFBQVFRUYGBgZ\nGRkaGhobGxscHBwdHR0eHh4fHx8gICAiIiIjIyMkJCQlJSUmJiYnJycoKCgpKSkqKiosLCwt\nLS0vLy8wMDAxMTEzMzM0NDQ1NTU2NjY3Nzc4ODg5OTk6Ojo7Ozs8PDw9PT0+Pj4/Pz9AQEBB\nQUFCQkJERERGRkZHR0dISEhJSUlKSkpLS0tMTExOTk5PT09QUFBTU1NUVFRVVVVWVlZXV1dY\nWFhZWVlaWlpbW1tcXFxdXV1eXl5fX19iYmJjY2NkZGRlZWVmZmZnZ2doaGhpaWlqampra2tt\nbW1ubm5vb29wcHBycnJzc3N1dXV2dnZ3d3d5eXl6enp8fHx+fn5/f3+AgICBgYGCgoKDg4OE\nhISFhYWGhoaHh4eIiIiKioqNjY2QkJCRkZGTk5OUlJSVlZWWlpaYmJiZmZmdnZ2enp6hoaGi\noqKjo6OlpaWoqKipqamqqqqrq6usrKytra2vr6+wsLCxsbGysrK1tbW2tra3t7e4uLi5ubm7\nu7u8vLy9vb2+vr6/v7/AwMDExMTFxcXGxsbJycnKysrLy8vMzMzNzc3Pz8/Q0NDR0dHS0tLT\n09PV1dXW1tbY2NjZ2dna2trc3Nzd3d3e3t7j4+Pk5OTl5eXm5ubn5+fo6Ojp6enq6urr6+vs\n7Ozu7u7w8PDx8fHy8vLz8/P09PT19fX29vb39/f4+Pj5+fn6+vr7+/v8/Pz9/f3+/v7////U\nY6d/AAAACXBIWXMAABJ0AAASdAHeZh94AAALVklEQVR4nO3d+3sU1QGH8RNQIBDKRQgaEC0i\nBQUjkRAUBUK4CEi4t4CFii3UUDDeWltTBaGK2NJaCgQIIgUCFbEUY8vFakO4JPtfddywOyfL\nZLPObMycb973h33O4ZxsZvN5SDa7eWZMgqQzPX0A1L0BLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEs\nHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIB\nLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDi\nASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A\n4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwe\nwDGs8YTV59HuC+D49amxGxLtzgCOX43mT/XpXi+MdmcAxy+AxQNYrb2LrBYfBVit5aOr/IZv\nA1it5XN90PpJAMsFsHgAiweweACLB7B4AIsHsHgAiweweACLB7B4AIsHsHgAiweweACLB7B4\nAIsHsHgAiweweACLB7B4AIsHsHgAiweweACLB7B4AIsHsHgAiweweACLB7B4ALtew7q1Vkcz\nlwF2vU33zPAbsTFzGWDX21RuCVZsTBw7YPUJwM6XAfxvU1iUrrCgBWDXywC+aHb50zrTDLDr\nASwewOIBLB7A4jkM3Hru7M2Id9ELchG4Zod3c6O20Jh+q69EOwb9XAQ2T3o3a83QhevKzLjm\naAchn6vApwtKL3nDd01NtIOQz1Xgt01DcjxtSrSDkM9V4K3m6+R4/cBoByGfq8C7TWNyvKAk\n2kHI5yTwqNoPjo94ts0bHrtrYbSDcL+r9vt/By5mLrsIXFKQvHTiR4nExv4DTkY7CPd7rcP1\nJFdmLrsInGhu/PCNNdMPJBIjJ34c7RgEenmiRVRVnbnsJHC683f+0z9HDE33g363on+OuCcN\nHFDrYf8H0pvmerd8jljV24DtGnojcI39V5Q/vwGw62UAt5hH/b+iLDUXAHa9O4Df8qe73QQe\n0qEsGwF2E/j3E4yZ8KNUWTYC7CZw4n/jTUsu+zSBqydbVVxSBE683puBi2b9JN0qc1ISeP+A\n3gz8qm/wZ1HgHAMYYAcDOB3AADsYwOkABtjBAE4HMMAOBnA6gAF2MIDTaQDf+PsJq8sA+2kA\n7+jwd7HzAPbTAK4r2ee3cBbAfo4An33maatfZS7XjbEMqgG2cgT4/f5L/R6dnLkMcKe5AjzE\n+iKvBzj3AAY4DgEcNoABjkMAhw1ggOMQwGEDGOA4BHDYAAY4DgEcNoABjkMAhw1ggOMQwGED\nGOA4BHDYAAY4DgEcNoABjkMAhw1ggOMQwGEDGOA4BHDYAAY4DmUC/84+pfeGSwB3mqPA9z/k\nn9J7RsFBgDvNVeDN1rxPbwVuu/xFa1d7AHYV+Miye+82pu99S45k3Qawm8DXZhsz6vHKyqkl\nxlRlO68wwG4CbzWzb1/Q7uxSU5tlI8BuAk8dfzM1bKt4IstGgN0EHrzKH780OMtGgN0ELnvY\nvyThzLIsGwF2E3ibmXumffTZCrM9y0aA3QS+VmnM6PJ58yvGGjOHZ9F6wInE4aXFfb3fg4sX\nH8q6DWBXgb1av2wKfCXrm21b0i0H2F3gzmqa45807rHcrp/V0wEcNr5FAxyHAA4bwG4Cq10/\nGOCM1K4fDHBmYtcPBviOtK4fDPAdaV0/GOCwAQxwHAI4bAADnJ+aJoy1evo7fjTAYfvegE+Z\nDS+mWzDoO340wGH7HoH3+V+XVwFur/cA3/jjHqtPMpcBDltcgA+bIr8BD2QuAxy2uAAf7GN9\nFTffn1hnPyX74XGAwxZX4Ckz/KdkLxa+B3DYYgu83poPBTh0AAOcnwAOCmCAIwYwwPkJ4KAA\nBjhiAAOcnwAOCmCAIwYwwPkpE7imw7sJhwDupnoMeFap9W7C8DqAu6meA662vmxjAO6uAAY4\nPwEcFMAARwxggPMTwEEBDHDEAAY4PwEcFMAARwxggPMTwEEBDHDEAAY4PwEcFMAARwxggPMT\nwEEBDHDEAAY4PwEcVKyBP33H7lwXuwEOKtbALwwa5zdoUxe7AQ4q1sA/m2498PIXutgNcFAA\nJwM4fN0H3Py53S2Ag3IZ+MfG7jcABxUVuPXc2ZvZd3QfcPXMP/g99DLAQYUGrtnh3dyoLTSm\n3+or2TZ2I3CVtTwR4MBCA5snvZu1ZujCdWVmXHOWjQC7C3y6oPSSN3zX1GTZCLC7wG+bhuR4\n2pTM1W+upNsPsLPAW83XyfH6gRmL5/vYz29DXz8Y4B4G3m0ak+MFJZmrjSfS7eR/sJvAo2o/\nOD7i2TZveOyuhVk28jPYTeCSguS3348SiY39B5zMsjGPwP+yX7lqAjiXwr/Q0dz44Rtrph9I\nJEZO/DjbvvwB/6fDT/Z+NwHOoTy8VHk++3L+gC+Yd/al+7VpATiHXHot+oLZ7U/fAjinAE4G\ncPgABrizAAY4HcDBAZwM4PABDHBnAQxwOoCDAzgZwOEDGODOAhjgdAAHB3AygMMHMMCdBTDA\n6QAOLlbAbT9dZLXmOsBiwM2mvCrdU+YiwHLAdf4j2wXwtwF8O4CDAzgZwOEDGOBUANcDnArg\n3AI4GcDhAxjgVADXA5wK4NwCOBnA4QMY4FQA1wOcCuDcAjgZwOEDGOBUANcDnArg3AI4GcDh\nAxjgVADXA5wK4NwCOBnA4QMY4FQA17sO/Bf7apO7bmVsBbjedeCiYcXpRpoz//jlFqujANe7\nDjzwNf/Q95nT24sm+92zHOB6MeBtk6xHNhfgbwO4PYBzC+BkAIcPYIDbAzgZwO0BnFsAJwM4\nuLbLX7R2tQdgV4GPLLv3bmP63rfkSNZtALsJfG22MaMer6ycWmJMVbbriwLsJvBWM/v2FQvP\nLjW1WTYC7Cbw1PE3U8O2iicyFq9uXJtufgfgUv9EWLM84OH+tGr08jvOk1VsLY/0gGf602ke\n8BhreZgHPMuflnrAD1rLRXUHC6zpIx7wBGve/733+1vTCR7wI9a84GBdkTV90AN+zJ/O9oCH\nWctjPOBp/nSmBzzSWi72gJ/yp+Ue8GhrebgH/Iz1QArDCrUXGnjwKn/80uCMxcvL/BPWzZ9k\nPQ/bbJ/KbuVXR+3por1tz3c8093+Dsv7W1bb0w1te+zp4oavVtrzzYmd9nTJqaZqe/5K4rf2\n9Lnz55+z528mXrGn1U2nltjznYkt9nTF1YbF9nxP2wZ7urrlb/Z00V+vr7Gnz7ft7bB89L8d\nHsgvwgq1Fxq47GH/3dyZZdEOgrqv0MDbzNwz7aPPVpjt+Tocynfhn0VXGjO6fN78irHGzMn2\nLJp6tAi/Bx9eWtzX+z24ePGh/B0O5btor2S1ftnU5StZ1KN1/2vR1KMBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwe\nwOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEs\nHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIB\nLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDi\nASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A\n4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwewOIBLB7A4gEsHsDiASwe\nwOIBLB7A4gEsHsDi/R9fKzzZCCyuMQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "barplot(y)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "g <- sample(1:3, n, replace=T)\n",
    "z <- rnorm(n)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAeAAAAHgCAMAAABKCk6nAAACYVBMVEUAAAABAQECAgIDAwME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\nAElFTkSuQmCC",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "boxplot(z ~ g)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### QQ plots"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x <- rnorm(100)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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I7W96kE34h5ML6jnv3EuyGJRKrgo/76UW98+mo2BPwhX1DeFpw/nR96gWpK6Yym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\nTkSuQmCC",
      "text/plain": [
       "Plot with title “Normal Q-Q Plot”"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "qqnorm(x)\n",
    "qqline(x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "y <- rgamma(100, shape=1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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MGWFi9lXBgirBfQU3uIPQ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\nhwjGHCIYc4hgzPl/L0MDUmfvuZsAAAAASUVORK5CYII=",
      "text/plain": [
       "Plot with title “Normal Q-Q Plot”"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "qqnorm(y)\n",
    "qqline(y)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Multiple plots\n",
    "\n",
    "We can set up multiple plots with\n",
    "\n",
    "`par(mfrow=c(#rows, #cols))`\n",
    "\n",
    "where plots will be placed by row first\n",
    "\n",
    "or \n",
    "\n",
    "`par(mfcol=c(#rows, #cols))`\n",
    "\n",
    "where plots will be placed by colum first."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "options.orig <- options(repr.plot.width=6, repr.plot.height=6)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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wkInb7QCsBqoez5MIMpFdxirb/xEAwmtAHj+S1xFp0WKcytNdmFsbOUdxJQibLe\njZnt72wWfudaHs48sA44TQ3mlBMsQ/stMra9qQcQvke0XukWh4UZNY3ogG1E3jrm0BhOaOly\nV3qC7eNeYAJCI5Ry+7Y8gZEooOrWn/tnn9Ap1xhMaEPGc+QQMqHMkw9X/kSygV6+lEQz2eet\ndrJf/BLrMgq13eh9f4DgqYlottWj5cGybfEuwB3xo0IdpRscEdWWZWxShnHgfC6DqYhBK1aS\n6ORR2rn1avYXKKGV2CgpPbC9WRUmj//2vh6GRTBkxYrB4nm+H/kRy8uYqa5Feab+rifURcWo\nn/wLkLX9vE6YyfvUfN/ekO/sDVTdSHq1iiPoOd9QykgueJ5GCy2VRiY9IgqTJUieVXDwqpLL\nUCphajWFWvO2j695xPrcVqCiJ2Ma99hOn30sBEA8RsOYl5oxvZpCkn+BqiycImaqWU9ymd5Q\nd3gNQ1BdOjXtyySbj1hWAqCLJ9Liu1hadDyatgxWUF+f25p3ppaJZQHafkQPJUrjExwVuTxl\n1g7bVz7Dy3sCGrFX6EdO4WsOTrDIxUR3WdjHG3zn5TbPXE1MpohJCo2K0rMR9rOhvE4t0pPZ\n2KT6HxJpTzrf3IWeeG05b5S0BZC/+WtDXPn1t1I//gfQgT52FzWCI9pqCVabydRRVHXFJ8wx\nkRlTSpI6mhiV2r1cbgOpBFuFblWFSibcEOR55qugUdTnff6pPF7HNIUeS4c6vRVVCb7Ihqk5\nPc9N+B+8mURPkbzOhXwoDxSsQ+gQzJ8eCuWWZtSu+giYh6+fb/LXrgCRVC36cnPFptHHxVxm\nhKUXle0OoaeCg7kNpBJsFdpsD72oH5PH67wGpoVOJV3r2rNimkJf4bygFj+rB717Yy0bSqFi\nW/QZ/lrjS63/Cw++NLA6jdCHwQABkxWaHPUCelRYZC6sHwSCmVRR9GPzpQqXPi4GZhjeYw4V\nyIR1v/BHcQrFJLmGpUL/BKZ5eI/2ebzQU1l/i9qj8ngh0xRa6r6cXn4uWaZdGJM13itIRMgu\n7oiQTj24TSwBgrM7Gwt4jp5Ko+buAhFVCPcJqgIEX6WvVbOyQinoCTHQ84SmjSeGpbz6Y4KI\nAOiR22AqYFJCPx7Xqq+65nIyPstqpVxW0Ysy43MRLEVSbdZTi6+2Oc5UowWmKTTqK5tU7I0/\nMKm31BDqpVdyzv+ATly0hkr+AGYdDs8tsUOoOOjoI4AhiJowCIB7h96yWqzQNOakBOpSP5D/\nqkKFZh4glnDAWe3cg7pgSkKvFZfu10JUT/2cXr9mu4KoLj2SxSgP6vW3nH8vTwEkGed4GqF3\nTb3yWsxhokIfEzDNwNLLAlMJvsqSErlZ3ySg2mfsNeM4QJ2AFghNikRRipXa6WbeZu/QSVdw\nOlClEvWUeW41P3Mv6XPxz9/OL2xvD/zw6NU3nptzovXTO86EhL5HV63+60G//FX5JW3otPzq\nsUYSqnDpe31Ri/6lxTpPYZqN1P5EQFlJcZVt3XXBRIX+ZcU0JVpn9gddCf7NlWoNigbXR2Z/\noKejuQBuJdAN0Uo0pAG6SShOsFm6pP8Icr/TG/TMZgr5vV65zHFUT0kAahfjAXD6X6I6ym5x\ndDuX6yAqY0JCT2CCusoZfRrsCPZ9s7WzOCKky/ZbV6W/HejTfOzjPAeR5E7s7EN5H9PWRIVG\nbdpQn5+cpqEzVCX4dBe6Nf/iIiiweSRXNP6+A4fM2q0Q36Q6rPQNVmjM1Zk7DkBSiuqJEce7\nhDaImIQHSr+9oT/ps3fLOdvLWNNZ98TaHKq/rX4wIaE7Md0JL8ObkKBNl7eG+WU1eijTPPcU\nka2bcQHAtIQu4V2t56ydVz9R83tQ1ZCD/cgH6R7e2ndWzEDN+yVN+TxwvIRQUx5VodIipH5v\nhN7bKaQq5gAB/vd60QXVXf3u21JdjR7tGFbFArhgQxxA6IxLKaoddepsSdVOnnobMcWEhB5Y\nj17sk0zzpupLvwVnnYuGaiMXV8U5CJ7qKXz6xKSEfgVTR7eKsAGwL9sAJp59cZtpXRvLiwpm\nijpuADcAijwm19rTxXcffThUQ8XlVvLWzF9bAlHV7ksDKmeIvvhb+OwZX9cerKuP2r3JrJRw\nMUqfxutPPXguF7db/8V+KdIXJiR0vOAG+ZlapVUU3eUHzYzIcsD8gPSu4qFbWhHeL7OdnO+Y\nlNBHmPFwP/y9LaqiG58DHKLRoKWH7/8aBbJH8CewAH8qu/jFjEM7fJlPZW3SinWTXeFGMIDH\nD5c5JcgTPh6fUYpMfVQctNgOFSwAACAASURBVPm+FKGzZvXtBqC3tS2pAR2T+xMd3qJ5zjlM\n3q0jJiQ0am8x/tDakk6PSjIF8qv9s+z/z6IFPwElOI0p3SX7yfmNSQktf1Z8twOO7bAOgtkx\n9YOFwLUEmxlxV6mu8dbg6vCYXK63tWJ6rRUxpzIwZ7h/U1+kS0TQ0QLuzHeyadkugMP3geJi\nWZ/ZP807BDRIO+ceTpVC7XXzO47QD5csM3XmBVMSWvp7hMSn9xvUimmhEV0v6wHHJOLaFYjO\nKdtkPQTRj2khoqDxeW5YpA9MSujW3TPW7ngR4Ek+bJvPOZP8bBH0rQh8ALsydTnlJoL7PYSq\n9qnHtLH1sC5BlVe0Kkc+hN81BJvtKWFQIRQgqNPSyz9aFf8RGUlnrM+ZR1cK/zyL15s8+HkT\n/mjq0bzMXo/TWZuS0BnE86iRIPYKss0W9iWYAG7p/6HzwOS2v5d2W3R4qXfYZ4Rubtmvh9bj\necCkhA7KTNP+VwJcXS6v6l6MIIoG+F//Wj3o/pUNtuauAi6A04yt3MuzmCHArFa7UXXdTyUb\n0Ck34DUuIwRwnNuHrmjdzbuKnlpT7ZzOW/Rv536zvsU2hNKXWJSnG5/+8pyqn38mjSkKjeYL\ni7eL4GeLhrSKVsH3/mxqdn2V64MNy85I0XxXqhv+R+/JL+uDq5Vogsb+J1/0+KjIgikJ/ZWr\nUCr8uTrQfVa+nm1HeIG4GJS5VtHt2sCGz2B0bQBwD+fueUHPsHKG2E0e1t+lF6m6c8Mph8eD\n2c+z1HxWH5zHkDu28/8ife433mKFZzHy0X6jjNVy5u+xxkqfw/uYpNDo4axeM+5m27rNMp5L\nPrubVfWK4HkVEVT4txrTRXBq6fDyZBTupsv3c2BnCIcTujeXQdKEKQl9kZOs8K05mNOthtLD\nu6PXB8bVtgAoO6lDsXR+fFp36LS2n4gDTnWHwUE0yGZ0HTvS8SK7nlPHHwE4tRV8U1GHULoc\ntbP/MYu+G4hq/B7f0bcRvOaynHua/1g9/BPlmKbQqunZEi3g1RhdA7wcTyL0olZwCSb3uMZV\nRLc7WGeVrbRTemzWwkuy9TmicVf+Hi1cnPUY/WBKQq9QzG7HEw6edC+szRK65d0JG75z/3IE\n+PG7n48HyVFUbfCtjV3EAOR/nHqNSaFl09A9Axg1189iwx8EM3n1Z1/oe1rAMduE0FFfD3mb\nnM1m2UezyQNsErp9D4RuDahdm2OxhfqaZFauK719QAAzD9N/kPWp/qS8uEw4ryn9PEoS06Ox\nrTbTcspSHTEloaNbZK6nhPYaWnklbxL66UOX+6/mD71qNRBFgaejORfE5sKt3X3a+gM/okcI\nM2PyzGqyzhBSK2HJQY1GBLoxPcXRRUuYYQtF7qDX7YiB8khODx2at39cFtgk9NQidIvGWd6y\nqUsrtxNQjQvOitsy/8inkGUkpPTwquRD51Yw3fnioBldZ/BLeEyvgcrAlIQuMy1zfYHtuz+J\ntwfMus+1+0TG2HDeSoTOiGa8J9Vt91rYvhQtcdVdZKJCeqocuWpx83882QRH5b25UX1eiwKZ\nQuZLlr3HA3T5Jl1jG74oc06vXSL9ZtZNWuhHcZsUZ1l9bjaUjNd4qwmQSH6Jvx4xawxRrX8t\nYtBpPt2oeYFTliYZZ3l0ZJ7lUnUDO5yYjba78xYoNZiQ0GnizM4jr62WoTSHdegvB848hL41\ntaIbke7hrbWcXBT8LL4e5IzggL8FuDSeHr9UZG4Loo4XBwQySbseIbac6cc4xenHzGWrXkkV\nIDT9biT4hoB84jZpeD89/AMVMGGhfw3gOXhBE4URFY+5OtUM4w1Nd5/+ohkIAaajqyOaD7uM\npDUCj//6tFA+YfTzIxfoV95Kpot9GnGa/LzBoYv+78GdvARKLSYk9G14IV/vWox8CHRtjNAQ\nKPX6ZSkf2QSEsTzxwnkSPrdromT/WqJf+q11fYLIx3MASCxrcr1gDn3QQn5jWOrVRrgfSf+Z\nb9Xkiq/HQetaQuqJPkDetfCgQM/tFExY6P6uJ8j0QsnKCv0uP28Yu5iM8k18+5Kn4tyD5f3v\nk3sTPLCXjTb7viNHTFgt2tS1QT3mofwZqFyLtHwU+bx+UYHuTP/vlthLSK+YkNBbHOSrf3HP\nIqop0reXkoVlfT3Kv8nYMQUGbjPnBYG5dQ/S9alkMsSdNzpC6A8QXs8FxP2oCemOw0AI8f3a\noUg7J4AmMULLm2e9ACLbcUdm3qt8d6RfTFfoTwJa1yfEBaXN7yY3b7+iNxeAP/jbkMzB49//\neU02Q420YthF6c9FhKjz4JJA51eW2tDFSs/LmFWvJin/kswIDeC5BfKqKw0hQd4wTy3QTUjo\n4TUz1tLL0I1Hv0v29iiRvgM4Cj2Fm9usAO/UBRKw3nEYiBHjCb+L8/j70Pvl4OVAPYQjt/16\nCRMBIgIAKvTitmwBvGXdOJbh3uv5kzOvcoJQM/J5rjFdoS8CY2io0rQp8bZF+vdwsvYieByr\nhX9mn6+GauNElZL2cbJNvVSHDyHH7owXyJIi6fvHjf+Det4PcTlJJtAjS3xd3q3rMlm7mV3k\nK9V3c67H+TAloWsOz1hba0aXKKMmpXiHFvHG9xJnltLPAwmMJ19lUQDFoTxA2On53PXUjr5u\n7x6t4LhLwKEFYQOSWnOudSxqXdIPQMQNjv2S7MZRHE23al77fGajIAidevPgPa1MuTW6zXD5\ncFF/A1P0479S4YjPji0Wr7+fLCSOp3xdbdEXVLTimkGN/5BuuQImcAPrmxOkpruyHPFNTLe3\neSNwdu3U2VZk7dfzFVokHHftxjTJ1O3VPctOy03bMBMS2mGLbOWT43Rm5aY1mEO772ha5niM\nu8yq09PISsdYkM9jIZ8ps7NxDy4KYe2jnYqPdaM3OHePvb4d+ALggmgKmVdcSfAUovs89xbS\nMwVA6FPB5I+9/D+aDkZoOq9y79pEH1kF9nfz9dTiGkfxzGWEINSW4wJ0E4I1whBVV6EKpT/A\nCeBYt27Ec+rikm2cr5vMoKNSSegXNFjo57mqjO0Vc7pLxTauePDGGe6huRiU1HSEfiGfen6Q\nv+wNdx7s7ZtKzFpuW8ofKXv0JEBnKE23FLhrDmDWRARL7lyJ37tp5ayxYspkW19HCSjRZMr8\n2LGcbm1s78kbGNRtfqrNkmt57w6kQP4LnSDo/xY9amansTjyJEG98C5ZZMwkMst8+cdvezza\nKByS4mR5wc+9qYCAkKcodS7MUHGZo0LyTimCvhwB+YQv7xwBEd3PKB9xhynHToCJ6Br39H/c\nv9IbRPDpP+0+WEh+JofmYrQP0xH6oFhm2C1+Rqa6AgQ9/PlkbjAI7aDxyF7tGkSW8AAOQK1f\nKK5/EWqNpG5sbOymuPXdPAHs2zR0vpzwYCy5lXwFAo8Ddj1a1o0sySXMGLmt3YMiqjdqAU2b\nU0XXtSafeiWXPPXEBRWB0hrDCV1FAaUdCzJHlqe6M7RoSm1MK5a1/0k2OjJTuY3MmC9IuswG\nOIKRiu//AwLnqjW+ok5cqpuPyBquqrhMepmI6yitJJfni9A5oiQQ7VsQyqOMpjkspMMJf6Mp\nZRFy3obOcM3pPV0l9GgGqzw0//OzYjChtY1nrZlWhvxIS0q8XtV768pZo/t1bFyJfATTxW1g\n5WELwK0/dPLCtWbiEhyocawhLS0PqP8ohDY25pAdjg2JO4h9i/jaAF/FAaTkbpTkTcgb1Fm5\n4+BpLV7ZqjCc0KsDIbCODKUd45VHlvdcT28dW03TBSsxzeu2usi3/Lx+OVnpkOmlBFTv+kVA\nCIpZeM+RqGwJ/aYF2InEfD5vw2BRJBl999B5oXJL1JXCmS8/7XTgfkeDmqAfomPoITDDbFZj\nfiJHhZrCmh2DCa1tPJN8Gbb8rOaimhbRKM2FVszMJah0jRbdgqBRbNzRi7eeUq3i0k6HArfC\n3ERUpE2fZvusANxWdLIECBZYUeXQo05QOfWvwS2l24hLSReoi3CVteXb2HqDW0RUjYYtK0Kn\nti1beoqrMYJz7MkPAem9mPmau+S1AZMcb0SzNBxBvwo9mDGHx1fVdL2GzHN0Yaj6Q+aFD4bO\ncWtE4Bk6NymMr64Z18PdM32oqC65p1wfoMY279xK+YBN5B9U0MV6DloYKJ1v/RXtMatR+jFC\nL11s6RTkogBNYc3gV8K+/zGJTsMlObSMZ5JPTcgMnFvt4RuuqphkW47/CoTie7kBEXGVDvoM\njqXSdGBJlTn1/CG83L6p/KJOYENwq41j0hwBvmaTmUfITdFvqEbVgdZgQ2YLuW48TtdIsC5u\n0cQeAnpu+Q+1D6K7jrcln2FP9rUEN+AV7TCmQyWRZdud9A50uTo0KnBPaISitIroxnS/YGnE\nME2X+83+FaJ+/SPUH3KZexQqOTpz7FuApaUgW1skORf5Q67zRouIzmYiPtW+YyZV8pG6NrrL\nAlmjmU9dyLSfFbfjKkFJYhN6FdrjTRVRxUhJKEHNSPbETduB7o74giWUo6vnDZiG1i6eaVLO\njitDpWqJoBaTdj1QmRtL5tCjqEm7OZYE996Hk7twYZryET9aWp++OTEMyF+HZUaKotHIKAKc\neeCxhf4R/CZaUhqC1ouofWL+qhiXxaUBbIY/vLmYTFIEt+X2JKP7LFG1mi2Qh3CPPlpRg2ff\n/ZBCIeuJsoJ+uWrkYUihr2qaFY2O6Iv80V/Q245WzzQcjH5VdFlwfGVAYE4vzabunm0fNeJs\nXC2KPfCfSO18eA3JnOQE0UBrTwGHbsbYpxFCz4rat+3m5co0dazre/Db2zl8Oz6fGzywk2V5\n8mV7bNrkg9LxRKNJ3c1q5fSAU+Aif9hH9LS5HdVUxIBCaxfPcj7E9fRiNBRHdJl3PKs257j0\nU/KReDN6tqKuiIBAZigOBdIHCbfRox+Bhx3jM51YYC5ajozBZ+N40L5dQFfSeDLtbVdJTB7h\nwOtRglt7X1r69YXVOBBaSgQ2tUdt31nSZoyZK9et/6msv679YZIRhi1NMlSx3UFPwoVT7C/N\nh/+aFSzwHZ6c0yHfx5DpMXNhO+I3hD5yLqs7zJnqw7U7nCD8nKm36b+Wv5Pp4yjyl/Kziycl\n6zmCcmQGVzC4FT+4YbdNmV1d/uoZ1XabttUrDelmfGlFqAH2ClYpx/2ljSwI5/D6LcP4YFel\nf+zFzFhdGkQvmCm8HwQWawbc8jOyDhy1gJi7nRSYG1GZfN6HNbcFC+q5z3el7W7TmAhe5NP5\nEq23BCxrjj94hmN/u8gidKmTwGNo6yAu1wUiLMFzwO7JAnAGP2KqqhhN3+JvNUXnLkQFQGj0\n4/zWv3NdFnmmlrNvh8eZ33/Ft/LnlKBUnuSsdlI2J2Z8q2F1vpZxnLxplGWDNPQUqEES0BcJ\n1dJsTklElfqvgvvojsNsdVfRiAtTQzGCGgCnYAlNkvLnuLKEZeNFe7aNbujDAe8Go7bepFrJ\ndaOTgMcJaui6s3b1Pg8MPj+qCPgOPKEQm/9tCgHw7QanEdpAVae0D3UJp57Sbr0jmeS0IDgE\n6PRGoxFwgUwnVrPjX2xcZXRdFxA6g2RKcmr56r2Lz/aki0W2oOFuqjthpcS6OyzQ6m34fG1G\nfqkgCJ0X5hI9dqytKlEuulzC63N4f3tCfTvQevTw8mlh41DK/ApuUWvJJ/BZDvMYDqNGQZ5R\nnvzo1eANVcUwq0iuA+fMTOteMIWm+LCzpzf4RO9K+nxp1YBq9sAv2mZGwCjycZkSQs3QvUEw\nIC1RQA3XlbioOt+q9WYqCfDl4KCipIceNs1+WO5F/9g1dQQoKRG2XLCwuRX5eCaAExOYWahR\nuzV0T/lYERqS6RNe1cEbbqak7y0G9Ra3A46tLVUGHWTOLdFb2FlNAH8scHBfpWGyyG+HB4UC\nz072kDdxoZ8JaGe6FVXefKKimVXNK+pP+5Oou+DCf21sX2Vuugn0F6kTVdJ8iOqzVXfkJgsy\nm3LQXEMYvt54rmZPA3q8hbSi41ABFZri/jIy9VFu/LlUhF4dn9+tJClZuZ4dBfeQdCxvKULt\nKsiO+7S9nS2vyvDKfFH1qXU4zZJue1Z0X3bHsU3aLScIugRVrEQNJlgCU1xdhJp/HAK7A9iS\nSUA++T9Rw9VSOHdQu8hgqqacSW47b3n4DaFtxISaEvX5989TrPy3qO3dLL0+u7pQVGPOje7N\nZFtMXOjVnvTiAWTOdUDnYF719LerRFUsflvYoeOSjLqXjAnCk1tyeeSrsfg1hSule9KlJxtF\nlNepxSv/izpUs6cSv7Fe1PaH29YqHp3J+x5cgFDVE1Zc4I9MRi9a2lGXLLBCk6T+OZ5KfSyj\nMg434dLuKTXITJxzGLT++9vVzA7gz5fW53CdQdB/X2kxmUVBL4tDS5dm5O/gtjOUtll1JZS2\n1K5lYzPwsAAVRdCUw22W7D+9tI2NoDSAiHkOfBEfQL9u5pAteT9CEqZyVPBXGzs4QZHBR6ii\nQn/Z9AKmLvTssvTiK/zNfP/Q3w7sByTdti2zevdg4WB0w8OzR3dXL6rN/vN2FmA3nC6Wa2hF\n6uzmHaV0qcO85jsP9OUx/Wqf1+T6WUIPMmX/tWgMNUU14erLrf8KZSMlPOzYpwf9+adVBu+Q\nN9ceSl+nVguy0BRJO6O9wTt652Kq3qpLiW9HLDzquAPXwnJ83F2mtUt7qqi5VSNvMu4qxVGZ\nyOTSUJXum3LXhS7Ak1QeNsCdW2EeNQyYvOaQyiX2nbb+0M3rE6BYhAXwAs1A3DvO32m7l2zK\nzaYdNYXtv76CcieVN/2IH16cY99mnawrwvOM+eVMSOj3565nbwy6zZaO0b+YAdZQkn/RrX9v\nDg2s2pB6SZ3mXglu/f1NDwsger9/5lRh/42N/uHkNdaSf6da6+vzOTv3JShc8p+GdhaV5fP0\nJqzdUdNqwt7FfgHvHjTggijm473SFbI/RzZb0zOP96yYbQ/Nj792XWfelwVdaIoHyxpbgO34\nP89x/7zlXZr8+SZNI3pUsgZheMfZh59JX17YOiO6NCOpoOaCgxe8OeZH0fOdQyuKyQ0zt57c\ntmhEBwfFBzLPl17I2tdVDF5dj2vdIaY21RDPo2tj2EL/8bZYax569FFnonpmmdWtBXUk/Kjp\nVzJTIhvtM/40piL0x2guAY7rs25Oth9KPkU/VqrLfB0XSCU4vvhymOZG5XoQb957h+86xgnw\n71Sees68d1yGZnJh128udNmpJfiqLasmUyGrStsUGf3lvnV13sqdwSV+PiP+zHZMb6aD9Cmu\nprk5TUFoktRS5csSYDfFqjn1Ik8Pp6Y9eXZ4dodwIVhX7r3iz71ONrv/u7h1Zq86HpTWwHfL\nlqyAWm2ZBAddiAF+Az24VdckkSkWP+BFHyHlPe7tU9VzavtSlsALaDBs1UFe9vmv0pKS3iUm\n3k9IuBwffyQubktsbD8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OdGeh8yaXG4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",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "par(mfrow=c(2,2))\n",
    "plot(x, y)\n",
    "plot(x, y, type=\"l\")\n",
    "barplot(x)\n",
    "barplot(y)\n",
    "par(mfrow=c(1,1)) "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Saving plots\n",
    "\n",
    "Saving a plot involves \n",
    "\n",
    "- opening a graphcis file device using `png` (or `pdf`)\n",
    "- issuing plot commands\n",
    "- then closing the device with `dev.off()`."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<strong>png:</strong> 2"
      ],
      "text/latex": [
       "\\textbf{png:} 2"
      ],
      "text/markdown": [
       "**png:** 2"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "png \n",
       "  2 "
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "png('figs/lm.png')\n",
    "m <- lm(y ~ x)\n",
    "plot(x, y, col=\"blue\")\n",
    "abline(m, col=\"red\", lty=\"dashed\")\n",
    "dev.off()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Retreive the PNG file\n",
    "\n",
    "![Image](figs/lm.png)"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "R",
   "language": "R",
   "name": "r"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": "r",
   "file_extension": ".r",
   "mimetype": "text/x-r-source",
   "name": "R",
   "pygments_lexer": "r",
   "version": "3.4.4"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 2
}