Plastic Surgery Resident Training Program

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General Information
General information in brief about the entire schooling of a plastic surgeon can be found here.

Since the establishment of the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery more than 40 years ago, its growth has paralleled that of the Medical Center. Currently, there are six plastic surgeons, one oral surgeon, and a physiologist on the senior staff.

The Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery interfaces with a number of other services in the Duke University Medical Center and provides residents with additional experiences. Residents participate on the Craniomaxillofacial Team in the evaluation and treatment of patients who have sustained facial trauma. Residents also participate with members of the Orthopaedic service, providing soft tissue management for upper and lower extremity problems that are acute or chronic. Residents are on call for neonatal units, newborn nursery, intensive care nursery and for emergency services including the trauma unit. Complex soft tissue injuries are evaluated and treated.

Independent Training Program


All trainees will have completed residencies in General Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery, Oral Surgery or Otolaryngology before acceptance into the program. The training program is three years. This includes a six-month rotation in hand surgery in Louisville, Kentucky, and a one-month optional rotation in Taiwan for additional experience in general craniofacial abnormalities.

A vigorous microsurgery service is an integral part of the Division. Since 1974, approximately one thousand two hundred vascularized composite tissue transplantations have been performed with an overall success rate of more than 97 percent. Typically, two or three major microvascular cases are performed each week either at Duke University Medical Center or at the adjacent Durham Veterans Administration Medical Center. An active microsurgery laboratory is available to medical students and surgical residents for animal training in microsurgical technique.

During the first year of the program, in order to provide an initial general and broad base exposure to plastic surgery, incoming residents will have a three-month rotation at our associated Veterans Administration Medical Center and a three-month rotation at Durham County General Hospital. The residents are assigned to senior staff, who provide residents with increasing responsibilities during the training period. During the second year, after some experience in plastic surgery, residents are absent for six-month intervals to participate in the hand surgery rotation in Louisville, Kentucky. During the final year of the training program, resident responsibilities are increased further, and each resident has the opportunity of becoming a Chief Resident and Instructor in the program.



Integrated Training Program


The Division has discontinued applications to the Integrated Training Program.



Aims of Plastic Surgery Residency Training

To have residents acquire and be proficient in the relevant plastic surgery skills.
To give a broad base of experience by providing access to a wide spectrum of plastic surgery patients.
To have residents demonstrate increasing responsibility, skill and knowledge as they progress through the residency.
To have residents work well with the faculty and benefit from interactions.
To emphasize scholarship.
To emphasize research and/or scientific interests or productions.
To maintain an appropriate balance between clinical interests and academic pursuits.



Research Laboratory

The Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory is a significant component of the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery. The newly renovated laboratory, directed by a basic scientist, is housed in a building that is contiguous with the Vivarium, including its state of the art surgical wing, and is readily accessible to both Duke Hospital South and North. These facilities are available for original research by third-year medical students, plastic surgery residents and fellows. Close collaboration (recent co-authorship) exists between the Plastic Surgery Research Faculty and members of the Departments of Cell Biology, Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Pathology, Radiation Oncology, Anesthesiology, and Medicine.

Current projects include:
1. Wound healing in compromised tissues; especially mechanisms of healing and their improvement in open fractures and ischemic tissue.
2. Tissue Engineering; including endothelial cell transplant to microvascular prostheses, adipocyte transplant via hydrogel matrices, and transformation of adipocytes for transplant to wounded tissues.
3. Regulation of the microcirculation in health and disease.

Special Features


Treatment of acutely injured patients is provided by the Trauma Service and is a cooperative effort by both Plastic Surgery and General Surgery.

The Division sponsors the Facial Rehabilitation Center which evaluates and treats patients with a variety of congenital and acquired facial defects using a multidisciplinary team approach. Several hundred patients with cleft lip and/or palate are followed by the team on a routine basis. More than 300 patients are seen each year. Many members of this cleft lip-palate team are nationally recognized for their clinical and research efforts.

Closely associated with the Division is the Center for Speech and Hearing Disorders: Frank DeRuter, Ph.D., Director; Bruce A. Weber, Ph.D., Associate Professor; Karen Harkins, M.Ed.; Lou Anne Teague, M.A.; Lynn Fox, M.A., M.Ed.; Diane Felton, M.A. The Speech and Hearing Center is a unit of the Department of Surgery.

The Division has a significant commitment to reconstructive breast surgery. A large number of post-mastectomy patients have undergone reconstruction. The approach to breast reconstruction requires collaboration by specialists in Pathology, Medicine, General Surgery and Plastic Surgery.

Pioneering efforts in breast reconstruction utilizing the microsurgical method have demonstrated excellent results and progress.

The provision of quality aesthetic surgery reflects a commitment to excellence. The brand new Center for Human Appearance will open its doors in Fall,1997. This center will be composed of multiple specialists each with a special interest in facial rejuvenation and reconstruction. Plastic Surgeons, Oral Surgeons, Prosthodontist, Mohs Dermatographic Surgeons, and physicians who specialize in the laser treatment of vascular malformations will work together to treat these problems.

A facial prosthetic service, under the direction of a maxillofacial prosthodontist, is available to patients requiring prosthetic reconstruction for deformities resulting from trauma or disease. A facial prosthetic technician, with an art background, designs aesthetic and functional prostheses for restoration. Physicians throughout the East Coast have referred patients for restorative assistance. Patients range in age from 5 to 85 years.

Maxillofacial and Oral Surgeons are available to treat a large number of patients with congenital and acquired deformities of the jaw. Clinical research and expertise are directed at temporomandibular joint dysfunction, utilizing a team approach. Innovations in implant technology and prosthetic dental reconstruction are now available. The provision of outpatient general anesthesia supervised by an anesthesiologist ensures the safety of all major reconstructive maxillofacial and oral procedures.

Plastic Surgery Procedures Annually
Head/Neck Congenital 318
Head/Neck Neoplasms 750
Facial Trauma 549
Cosmetic Surgery 272
Breast Surgery 938
Hand/Upper Extremity 858
Lower Extremity 262
Trunk - genitalia 349
Burns
Acute/Reconstruction 87
Benign/Malignant/Skin/Soft tissue lesions 319
TOTAL NUMBER OF PROCEDURES ANNUALLY 4,702

Facial Prosthetics Jane Bahor, B.S., Prosthetics Technician


For more information, please write to:

L. Scott Levin, M.D., Chief
Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery
Box 3945, Duke University Medical Center
Durham, NC 27710


All applications for residency must be processed through the Plastic Surgery Central Application Service at the following address:
Ms. June Kane
Greater Arizona Central Credentialing Program
Maricopa County Medical Society
326 E. Coronado Rd.
Phoenix,AZ 85004
phone 602-251-2394