PhotoShop - Animation
two examples:

 

 
Tweening
  
Movement
Opacity
Movement

 

  1. Create all relevant layers in a single frame.
  2. Create all image information in a single frame.
  3. Create a default timing for that single frame.
  4. Create another frame as a copy of the first.
  5. Select the first frame and adjust the transparency or position of each layer.
  6. Select the last frame and adjust the transparency or position of each layer differently.
  7. Create a large number of inbetweens.
  8. Copy the entire sequence and paste it at the end of the first.
  9. Reverse the order of the pasted sequence.
  10. Adjust the timing and delete redundant frames.
  11. Optimize the image.
  12. Save the optimized image.

 

Frame-by-Frame Editing:
Jump Cut
FreeWare
Oscillation

 

  1. Create a large number of frames.
  2. From Menu select "Flatten frames into layers."
  3. Select the appropriate layer and frame to edit.
  4. Do it with every frame.
  5. If you wish to create a full cycle, then:
  6. Copy the entire sequence and paste it at the end of the first.
  7. Reverse the order of the pasted sequence.
  8. Adjust the timing and delete redundant frames.
  9. Optimize the image.
  10. Save the optimized image.